Ground water quality assessment for irrigation in Palwal block of Palwal district, Haryana, India

The present study examined the quality of groundwater for agriculture purpose in a 49785 ha region comprising Palwal block of Palwal district of Haryana state by focusing on spatial variability of electrical conductivity (EC), cationic and anionic composition of CO32-, HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+ of the ground water. It was found 75% of the samples showed EC values up to 4 dS/m and the maximum value of EC was found as 10.55 dS/m. Out of one hundred thirty three ground water samples 34.8 % were of good quality, 49.2 % saline and 16.0 % alkali in nature. Out of the saline water, 24.2, 1.5 and 23.5 % were marginally saline, saline and high SAR saline, respectively. In alkali group, 2.3, 2.3 and 11.4 % were marginally alkali, alkali and high alkali, respectively. Residual sodium carbonate (RSC) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) varied from nil to 5.50 me L-1 and 2.50 to 23.41 (m mol L-1)½, respectively. Counter map maps of EC, SAR, RSC and water quality of groundwater used for irrigation in the block were prepared through GIS to study spatial variability

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: Case series and review of literature

AbstractAimSpontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a less recognized cause of ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in clinical practice. The aim of this communication is to describe a case series in South Asian population and highlight on the long-term clinical outcomes on conservative management.MethodsA retrospective analysis of data of five patients (6 instances) of SCAD managed in a tertiary care center during January 1994 to June 2015 was done. Clinical, angiographic, therapeutic, and follow-up data till end of June 2015 are analyzed.ResultsAll patients were young (mean – 33 years) and predominantly male. Etiology of SCAD was diverse and included peripartum state, vigorous activity and atherosclerosis. Left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery was predominantly involved and the majority had angiographic type 1 SCAD. Medical treatment provides excellent long-term benefits. Coronary stenting provided symptomatic benefit in a patient with favorable anatomy.ConclusionsClinical recognition of SCAD is difficult. It should be suspected in peripartum state, young females and in presence of other precipitating factors. Coronary angiography is essential for establishing the diagnosis. Medical treatment provides favorable long-term survival.Implications and practiceThe awareness of SCAD is important for all clinicians involved in STEMI care. A prompt suspicion can avoid administration of thrombolytic therapy. Early coronary angiography will provide an accurate diagnosis and help in deciding appropriate therapy. Percutaneous intervention can be challenging

Efficacy of imazethapyr applied alone and mixed with pendimethalin or imazamox in cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) and their residual effect on mustard (Brassica juncea) in two texturally different soils

An experiment was carried out at two locations, CCS HAU, Hisar and farmer’s field in Kheri Batter, Bhiwani to study the efficacy and phytotoxicity of different herbicides/combinations in cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) during kharif 2013 and their carryover effect on mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj. & Coss.] crop in rabi season (2013-14). PRE application of pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha, ready mix (RM) of pendimethalin + imazethapyr (Valor) 1.0 kg/ha and tank mix (TM) at 500 g + 50 g/ha provided 93/83, 98/90 and 100/93 % control of weeds, respectively at Hisar/Kheri Battar locations up to 30 DAS, but at 60 DAS, due to the emergence of new flush of weeds, weed control was reduced to 65/45, 83/80 and 87/87% with the above treatments, respectively at both the locations. Ready/tank mix of pendimethalin + imazethapyr (1000 g and 500+50 g/ha) not only provided satisfactory weed control up to 60 DAS but also exhibited no phytotoxic effect on cluster bean. At 60 DAS, highest weed control (88 and 87%) was recorded with imazethapyr 100 g/ha fb propaquizafop 62.5 g/ha 3 fb 6 WAS, respectively at Hisar and Kheri Battar locations which was at par with pendimethalin + imazethapyr (RM and TM), imazethapyr + imazamox (Odyssey) 70 g/ha fb propaquizafop 62.5 g/ha, 75 and 50 g of imazethapyr fb propaquizafop 3 fb 6 WAS at Kheri Battar, but the efficacy of Odyssey and imazethapyr 50 and 75 g fb propaquifzafop was lower under Hisar conditions due to heavy infestation of Trianthema portulacastrum. POE herbicides, except propaquizafop and pendimethalin showed crop phytotoxicity and growth suppression soon after application at higher rates, though plants recovered after 2 weeks and no injury was observed at later stages. Minimum weed dry weight, highest yield attributes and seed yield with maximum net return and B-C ratio was obtained under POE imazethapyr 100 g/ha fb propaquizafop 62.5 g/ha, and pendimethalin 0.5 kg + imazethapyr 50 g/ha (TM), but both were statistically similar to each other and to pendimethalin + imazethapyr (RM) 1.0 kg/ha and imazethapyr + imazamox 70 g/ha fb propaquizafop 62.5 g/ha as POE at Kheri Batter location, but at Hisar location only pendimethalin + imazethapyr (RM and TM) provided maximum net return and B-C ratio. There was no carry over effect of different herbicides used in cluster bean on succeeding mustard crop, probably due to herbicide detoxification through microbial degradation mediated by high temperature and moisture and possibly by leaching of herbicides because of 594.3 and 500.5 mm of rainfall in the crop growing season at both the locations, respectively

Review on Green computing to save environment and power management

Computers are used everywhere in human life hence computer consumes more electricity.Toxic, carbon dioxide produce by computer material. But use of computer is necessary in human life. Existence of Green Computing to overcome negative effect of computer to environment.Green computer solves  the problem of power consumption of computer system. It also provides technique to minimize pollution by computer material. Moreover, thousands of computing devices are manufactured every day and the same amount of old computers is being thrown away loading up the e-wastes. So it is highly important to manage these computing devices in such a way that they last longer and even if they are disposed of, they shouldn’t cause much harm to the nature. Green computing can take many forms in itself. Green technology focuses on reducing the environmental impact of industrial processes and innovative technologies caused by Earths growing population It has taken upon itself the goal to provide society’s needs in ways that do not damage or reduce natural resources. It is mainly used to protect environment, optimize energy consumption and keeps Green environment. The main goal of green computing is that increasing energy efficiency and reducing the use of harmful materials. Green computing ultimately focuses on ways in reducing overall environmental impacts. It require the integration of Green computing Practices such as recycling, electronic waste removal power consumption, virtualization, improving cooling technology, and optimization of the requirements. The major power consumption components are processors and the main memory in the servers.This paper gives idea of saving energy & environment which helps to save money

Economics of paddy-cum-prawn culture in Kerala

Coastal aquaculture has been receiving much importance since the last decades because of its tremendous potential in augmenting prawn and fish productions and increasing employment opportunities to the coastal fisher folk

Economic Evaluation of Paddy-Prawn Integrated Farming in Kerala

Coastal aquaculture has been receiving much importance during the last two cades due to the tremendous potential it has in augmenting prawn and fish production and increastng employment opportunities to the rural coastal fisherfolk. Farming in brackish waters and backwaters has bee~ in vogue for ages in several areas in the country especially in Kerala, Karnataka, Goa and West Bengal (Alikunhi 1978, Silas 1978). An area extending to about 6,000 hactares of low lying coastal region in Kerala is utilised for paddy-cumprawn culture. The 'Gazani' farms of Karnataka have an area of 2,300 hactares mainly in NorthCanaradistrict. Herein the brackish waters near to the coast, prawn! fish culture is carried out along with salt production while in the interior areas paddy-cum- fish culture is practiced

Appraisal of the Marine Fisheries of Kerala

Kerala, the southwestern part of the peninsular India, has a narrow stretch of land with a long surf-beaten coast on the western side and a lush green mountain range on the eastern side. The coastline is 590 km long, which is almost one-tenth of the Indian coastline. Marine fishing, using artisanal tackles like boat-seines, shore-seines and Chinese dip nets, is an age-old tradition of the state. Mechanisation was started in late fifties by the Indo-Norwegian Project, at first in the Quilon area. The early sixties too saw an important technological development, namely the shift from cotton to nylon nets. By mid-sixties, individual entrepreneures entered the scene, paving way for a fast development of trawl fishery in the coastal waters. Commercial purse-seining started during late seventies, and the process of large-scale motorisation of country crafts began in early eighties

Impact of purse seine operations on traditional fishery with special reference to oil sardine in Kerala during 1980 and 1981

There has been a marked decline in the landings of oil sardine in 1980, compared to the previous two Years. A study was undertaken to examine the reasons for this decline and to determine whether the Purse seine operations which started in 1979 has any influence on the treiditional fishery. For this purpose The data on catch, effort, age and length composition of oil sardine collected by this Institute during 1978-81 period pertaining to indigenous gears and purse seines and the data on socio-economic cispects Gathered through a special survey in 1981 in the coastal villages of Kerala were considered. The purse seiners have started operations in Cochin area during the latter half of 1979 with about 10 units, which increased to about 40 and 60 in 1980 and 1981 respectively. The purse seiners operated are of about 13 m. In length with nets measuring 500-600 m in length and 50-60 m in depth with the meshes ranging from 13 to 20 mm in size

Invitro Study of Fenton Reaction Occurring in Brown Rot Fungus \u3cem\u3eGloeophyllum trabeum\u3c/em\u3e

Over the last few years, increased attention in the pulp and paper industry has focused on saving energy, which results in lower production costs, and minimizing pollution. Environmental groups urge the replacement of chlorine agents in the bleaching of pulp. This is due to the production of dioxins, which are toxic. Biopulping, which is the use of fungal enzymes in the pulping process, has been an alternative investigated over the last 30 years. This process is environmentally friendly. However, more research is needed to completely understand the mechanism of the biopulping process for it to successfully replace the existing pulping and bleaching processes. Two of the more studied fungi in the biopulping process are the white rot and brown rot fungi. The white rot fungus has been shown to degrade both cellulose and lignin, whereas the brown rot breaks down only cellulose and modifies lignin, which can then undergo further degradation. Research done on one type of fungus will ultimately aid in understanding the other and also contribute to the overall understanding of biopulping. An extensively studied brown rot fungus is Gloeophyllum trabeum, which utilizes a hydroquinone-driven Fenton system (Fe2+ + H2O2) to generate hydroxyl radicals. The hydroxyl radicals are powerful oxidants that can degrade cellulose and modify lignin. This fungus also utilizes an enzyme (quinone oxidoreductase) that recycles hydroquinones, which are needed to generate hydroxyl radicals. The enzyme uses flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) to transfer electrons for the reduction of quinones to hydroquinones. Our research focused on mimicking the hydroquinone-driven Fenton reaction in the brown rot fungus and observing its effect on three carbohydrate model compounds (methyl-β-D-glucoside, methyl-β-D-cellobioside, and methyl-β-D-galactoside). In addition, computer modeling was used to generate a protein model structure for the quinone oxidoreductase as well as docking flavin adenine dinucleotide into this structure. The results show that degradation of the three model compounds occurs when they are exposed to the hydroquinone-driven Fenton system. Some of the products are similar to the ones observed by Guay et al (1999) in which carbohydrate model compounds were exposed to a UV/H2O2 system, which generated hydroxyl radicals. The proposed mechanisms suggest attack by hydroxyl radicals on the carbohydrate model compounds occur at the anomeric position. With the computer modeling, two different methods were used to obtain structures for quinone oxidoreductase. A comparison of the two structures, using Swiss PDB viewer, showed the root mean square deviation (rmsd) was 0.95 Angstroms, which indicates a favorable comparison for the two structures. The docking of FAD into one of the model structures was also successful

SOME PHYSICAL AND DIETARY FACTORS INFLUENCING FOOD INTAKE IN LAYING HENS

Abstract not availabl